High Middle Ages · Africa · Culture

1112

Great Zimbabwe walls begin to rise

1112

On the granite plateau between the Limpopo and Zambezi rivers, Shona-speaking masons started dry-stacking the curved stone walls that would eventually grow into the largest stone complex in sub-Saharan Africa. Built without mortar, blueprint, or written plan, the great enclosures announced a cattle-rich kingdom linked by gold to the Swahili coast traders who carried its wealth across the Indian Ocean.