High Middle Ages · Europe · Politics
1155
Henry II confirms London's customs
1155
The new English king issued a charter confirming the liberties of the city of London, its right to elect a sheriff, and its freedom from certain tolls. Similar charters followed for other boroughs. The web of urban privileges would be one of the quiet foundations of later English freedom. The charter recognized London's merchants as a corporate body with legal standing, a status that gave the city political leverage over the crown for centuries.