High Middle Ages · Oceania · Exploration
1250
Polynesian settlements spread across New Zealand
1250
Within decades of first landfall, Polynesian settlers had established villages from the subtropical north to the sub-Antarctic south of Aotearoa. Moa hunting drove rapid population expansion across both islands. The newcomers cleared forest with fire, adapted tropical crops to temperate soils, and developed the distinctly Maori material culture of fortified pa and carved meeting houses.