High Middle Ages · Europe · Politics
1276
Llywelyn ap Gruffudd submits at Aberconwy
1276
The last native Prince of Wales, overwhelmed by Edward I's massive invasion force, was forced to sign the Treaty of Aberconwy, surrendering most of his territory and retaining only a rump principality in Snowdonia. Welsh independence survived in name only; the real power now lay with English garrisons and English law.