High Middle Ages · Europe · Politics

1276

Llywelyn ap Gruffudd submits at Aberconwy

1276

The last native Prince of Wales, overwhelmed by Edward I's massive invasion force, was forced to sign the Treaty of Aberconwy, surrendering most of his territory and retaining only a rump principality in Snowdonia. Welsh independence survived in name only; the real power now lay with English garrisons and English law.