Late Middle Ages · Europe · Science

1489

Leonardo Designs Flying Machines

1489

In his Milan notebooks, Leonardo filled pages with sketches of ornithopters, helical rotors, and wings inspired by bat anatomy. None were built. None would have flown. But the drawings treated flight as a mechanical problem amenable to engineering, a disposition no medieval mind had brought to the impossible. His studies of bird flight produced detailed biomechanical analyses of avian locomotion unmatched before the invention of photography.