Renaissance · Europe · Politics

1611

Gustavus Adolphus Takes the Swedish Throne

1611

A sixteen-year-old giant with a scholarly streak and a taste for military mathematics inherited a kingdom at war with Denmark, Russia, and Poland simultaneously. Gustavus II Adolphus would reform Swedish armies, invent combined-arms tactics, and transform his cold northern country into the pivot of European war. His innovations in mobile artillery and disciplined infantry changed the nature of battle itself.