Renaissance · Europe · War

1631

Battle of Breitenfeld

September 17, 1631

Outside Leipzig, Gustavus Adolphus's reformed Swedish army, drawn up in shallow flexible lines, crushed Tilly's imperial veterans in the first major Protestant victory of the Thirty Years' War. Swedish cavalry rode down the fleeing Catholics. The balance of war in Germany tipped north, at least for a season, and the Swedish king became the Protestant hero of his generation.