Enlightenment · Europe · Science

1661

Boyle Publishes The Sceptical Chymist

1661

The Anglo-Irish natural philosopher Robert Boyle published a dialogue attacking the ancient doctrines of four elements and three principles and arguing that chemistry should be founded on careful experiment and quantitative measurement. Alchemy began its long retreat; modern chemistry had its founding manifesto, and the discipline would slowly transform from mystical art into the rigorous experimental science we recognize today.