Enlightenment · Europe · War
1700
Battle of Narva
November 30, 1700
Charles XII, just eighteen, marched eight thousand Swedes through a November blizzard and fell upon Peter the Great's army of forty thousand. In two hours the Russians broke. Peter, humiliated, rode home to rebuild an army from iron and will. Charles thought the war already won. It was the miscalculation on which the balance of northern Europe would turn.