1106
Great Comet blazes for forty nights
From Kaifeng to Canterbury, astronomers sketched the same brilliant visitor streaking across forty consecutive evenings. Korean star-watchers recorded its tail reaching a hundred degrees. Modern orbital reconstructions identify it as the progenitor of the Kreutz sungrazing family. In Europe, chroniclers interpreted the apparition as an omen of the political upheavals tearing the Holy Roman Empire apart, while Song court astronomers catalogued its precise nightly positions with characteristic precision.
Ali ibn Yusuf inherits the Almoravid empire
Yusuf ibn Tashfin, the Berber warlord who had bulldozed al-Andalus into his desert empire, died at a reported age of a hundred. His son Ali, raised in Marrakesh rather than the Sahara, proved a pious administrator unable to hold together his father's coalition of camel-mounted zealots. Under his reign the Almoravid empire began to fracture, its Andalusian provinces growing restive and its African territories threatened by the Almohad preachers rising in the Atlas.
Death of Henry IV
Excommunicated, stripped, and abandoned, the old emperor died at Liege after a last desperate flight. His unburied corpse lay in an unconsecrated stone coffin for five years while his victorious son quarreled with the pope about whether a penitent could have a grave. When he was finally interred in the Speyer Cathedral crypt alongside his ancestors, the ceremony was quiet, attended by none of the grandeur that had once surrounded him.
Battle of Tinchebray
Henry I of England crushed his brother Robert Curthose in a meadow in Normandy and locked him in Cardiff Castle for the remaining twenty-eight years of his life. The duchy and the kingdom were reunited under a single Norman ruler for the first time since the Conqueror. Robert spent his captivity learning Welsh and writing poetry, a gentler occupation than the ones that had lost him his crown.
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