1749

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Featured events in 1749
1749·Europe·Culture

Goethe Born in Frankfurt

On a late August afternoon in a Frankfurt townhouse on the Hirschgraben, a dead baby was revived by a horrified midwife. Johann Wolfgang Goethe would become a lawyer, a minister, a botanist, a lover, and the supreme German writer, whose last recorded words, more light, might stand as the century's motto.

August 28, 1749Enlightenment
1749·North America·Politics

Halifax Founded

To counter Louisbourg's return to France, the British Board of Trade sent Governor Edward Cornwallis with twenty-five hundred settlers to build a new naval base on Chebucto Bay. They named it for a statesman. The fort would anchor the coming conquest of Acadia and, by extension, of New France itself.

June 21, 1749Enlightenment
1749·Europe·Culture

Fielding's Tom Jones

Henry Fielding, a Bow Street magistrate by day, published his six-volume novel about a foundling who wandered from Somerset to London seeking his true origins. It was immediate, vast, comic, and structured like a symphony. Coleridge would later rank its plot with Oedipus Rex and The Alchemist. The English novel had found its Shakespeare.

February 1, 1749Enlightenment
1749·Europe·Science

Buffon's Histoire Naturelle Begins

Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, launched his forty-four-volume survey of nature with three volumes describing the earth and the quadrupeds. Elegant, skeptical, quietly heretical about biblical chronology, it would sell in tens of thousands and nearly reach completion at his death. Natural history had found its first great literary stylist.

September 4, 1749Enlightenment
1749·Europe·Culture

Handel's Music for the Royal Fireworks

To celebrate the peace of Aix-la-Chapelle, Handel composed an overture for wind band, played in London's Green Park before thousands. A wooden pavilion designed for the fireworks caught fire and burned down. The king loved the music; the architect wept. Handel quietly added strings and sold the piece to concert halls across Europe.

April 27, 1749Enlightenment
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