High Middle Ages · South Asia · Exploration
1027
Chola maritime trade network at its zenith
1027
Tamil merchant guilds operated permanent trading posts from the Malabar coast to Sumatra, exchanging South Indian textiles, pepper, and gems for Chinese silk, porcelain, and Southeast Asian camphor. The Chola-backed Ainnurruvar guild became one of the great commercial organizations of the medieval world, knitting the Indian Ocean into a single interconnected market.