High Middle Ages · Africa · Exploration

1032

Trans-Saharan trade routes shift eastward

1032

As political instability in Morocco disrupted western caravan routes, trans-Saharan trade increasingly flowed through Kanem and the Lake Chad basin toward Fatimid Egypt. Merchants carried gold, salt, and enslaved people along desert tracks linking the savanna to the Mediterranean, enriching the Kanem rulers who taxed and protected the caravans crossing their territory.